# Reading list

> Hormone Consultants reading room — The Hormone Consultants reading list: kisspeptin challenge studies, neuron experiments, amenorrhea, food intake and specific safety observations.

The challenge papers are the best starting point for the capacity question.

## Human challenges

Begin with [the probe of GnRH neuronal function in abiding idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25226293/), then read [the cohort whose disorder had reversed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27214398/) and [the responses during pubertal transition in boys](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30046307/). Their different populations give the diagnostic idea its interest.

For the changing response over time, the [intravenous infusion experiment in hypothalamic amenorrhea](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24517142/) and the [repeated-exposure study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19820030/) make a revealing pair. They ask related questions with different research protocols.

## Beyond the challenge

The [food-intake experiment](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37039248/) and the [anxiety trial](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40036336/) show why an LH response needs a specified endpoint beside it. The [mouse receptor-knockout metabolism experiment](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24937427/) approaches metabolism through a different intervention.

For a broader survey, the [clinical-status systematic review published in 2025](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38265397/) identified 29 interventional clinical trials from searches through February 2023. That search boundary matters when using it as a map of the literature.

I favour the individual experiments for the arguments on this site. The review helps establish their surroundings; the full source list follows.

## References

[1] Exogenous kisspeptin administration as a probe of GnRH neuronal function in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25226293/
[2] The GPR54 gene as a regulator of puberty https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14573733/
[3] Kisspeptin excites gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons through a phospholipase C/calcium-dependent pathway regulating multiple ion channels https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18483150/
[4] Kisspeptin Responsiveness Signals Emergence of Reproductive Endocrine Activity: Implications for Human Puberty https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27214398/
[5] Changes in the Responsiveness of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis to Kisspeptin-10 Administration during Pubertal Transition in Boys https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30046307/
[6] KISS1R: Hallmarks of an Effective Regulator of the Neuroendocrine Axis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25765628/
[7] Increasing LH pulsatility in women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea using intravenous infusion of kisspeptin-54 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24517142/
[8] Subcutaneous injection of kisspeptin-54 acutely stimulates gonadotropin secretion in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea, but chronic administration causes tachyphylaxis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19820030/
[9] A review of the pathophysiology of functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea in women subject to psychological stress, disordered eating, excessive exercise or a combination of these factors https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33345352/
[10] The effects of kisspeptin on food intake in women with overweight or obesity https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37039248/
[11] Kisspeptin administration stimulates reproductive hormones but does not affect anxiety in humans https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40036336/
[12] Impaired kisspeptin signaling decreases metabolism and promotes glucose intolerance and obesity https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24937427/
[13] Kisspeptin and its current clinical status - a systematic review https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38265397/
[14] Kisspeptin directly stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone release via G protein-coupled receptor 54 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15665093/

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Hormone Consultants houses my questions for published research, with no consulting business behind the name and no medical advice in these essays.